LOGO Primitives

Command	Short Form	Example	Description
Chapters 1-2
DRAW	DRAW	DRAW	Resets graphics window. Clears the screen, moves the turtle to the center of the screen pointing up, and puts the pen down. This also changes the pen color to black and the background color to white. If more than one turtle was being used it also resets to one turtle.
FORWARD	FD	FD 50	Moves the turtle forward in the direction that it is pointing. The number is the length measured in “turtle steps” that the turtle will move.
BACK	BK	BK 50	Moves the turtle backward in the direction that it is pointing. The number is the length measured in “turtle steps” that the turtle will move.
RIGHT	RT	RT 90	Turns the turtle to the right or clockwise, from where it was pointing, measured in degrees.
LEFT	LT	LT 45	Turns the turtle to the left or counterclockwise, from where it was pointing, measured in degrees.
HOME	HOME	HOME	Moves the turtle to the center of the screen while drawing a line (unless the PU command was given first) and positions the turtle to point up.
Note: If you create a “typo” the DELETE and/or BACKSPACE keys work to correct mistakes until you press the ENTER key.
To correct a typo or error after you press the return key, use the up arrow key or the mouse to place the cursor on the previous line. Make any corrections and press the ENTER key at the end of the line.
PENERASE	PE	PE	This command followed by a FD or BK will erase a line.
PENDOWN	PD	PD	This command followed by a FD or BK will draw a line.
PENUP	PU	PU	This command followed by a FD or BK will move the turtle without drawing a line.
HIDETURTLE	HT	HT	Hides the turtle.
SHOWTURTLE	ST	ST	Shows the turtle.
CLEARSCREEN	CS	CS	Clears the graphics window and returns the turtle to the “home” position, but does not change any pen states or colors.